To preserve institutional homogeneity, FIFA, the world’s preeminent soccer governing body, repeatedly intervenes in member nations’ domestic political affairs, pressuring federations not to appoint delegates to FIFA’s General Assembly whose positions conflict with the governing body’s agenda, as evidenced by suspensions in Nigeria, Pakistan, and Kenya.

Turkish state-owned Halkbank’s former deputy general manager Hakan Atilla was convicted of helping Iran evade U.S. sanctions in his personal capacity in 2018, but his former employer – and the government that owns it – might not be off the hook yet.